luczo-molecularpathogenisis-2015.pdf (3.42 MB)
Molecular pathogenesis of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza: the role of the haemagglutinin cleavage site motif.
journal contribution
posted on 2015-11-01, 00:00 authored by Jasmina Luczo, John StambasJohn Stambas, P A Durr, W P Michalski, J BinghamThe emergence of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza has caused a heavy socio-economic burden through culling of poultry to minimise human and livestock infection. Although human infections with H5N1 have to date been limited, concerns for the pandemic potential of this zoonotic virus have been greatly intensified following experimental evidence of aerosol transmission of H5N1 viruses in a mammalian infection model. In this review, we discuss the dominance of the haemagglutinin cleavage site motif as a pathogenicity determinant, the host-pathogen molecular interactions driving cleavage activation, reverse genetics manipulations and identification of residues key to haemagglutinin cleavage site functionality and the mechanisms of cell and tissue damage during H5N1 infection. We specifically focus on the disease in chickens, as it is in this species that high pathogenicity frequently evolves and from which transmission to the human population occurs. With >75% of emerging infectious diseases being of zoonotic origin, it is necessary to understand pathogenesis in the primary host to explain spillover events into the human population.
History
Journal
Reviews in medical virologyVolume
25Issue
6Pagination
406 - 430Publisher
WileyLocation
London, Eng.Publisher DOI
Link to full text
eISSN
1099-1654Language
engPublication classification
C Journal article; C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2015, WileyUsage metrics
Categories
No categories selectedKeywords
A virusesAirborne transmissionAmino-acid residuesHong- KongHost- cell proteasesMembrane- fusionProtective antigenReverse geneticsVirus hemagglutinin28S ribosomal- RNAScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineVirologyHOST-CELL PROTEASESAMINO-ACID-RESIDUES28S RIBOSOMAL-RNAHONG-KONGMEMBRANE-FUSION