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Neighborhood disadvantage and longitudinal brain-predicted-age trajectory during adolescence

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journal contribution
posted on 2021-01-01, 00:00 authored by D Rakesh, V Cropley, A Zalesky, Nandi VijayakumarNandi Vijayakumar, N B Allen, S Whittle
Neighborhood disadvantage has consistently been linked to alterations in brain structure; however, positive environmental (e.g., positive parenting) and psychological factors (e.g., temperament) may buffer these effects. We aimed to investigate associations between neighborhood disadvantage and deviations from typical neurodevelopmental trajectories during adolescence, and examine the moderating role of positive parenting and temperamental effortful control (EC). Using a large dataset (n = 1313), a normative model of brain morphology was established, which was then used to predict the age of youth from a longitudinal dataset (n = 166, three time-points at age 12, 16, and 19). Using linear mixed models, we investigated whether trajectories of the difference between brain-predicted-age and chronological age (brainAGE) were associated with neighborhood disadvantage, and whether positive parenting (positive behavior during a problem-solving task) and EC moderated these associations. We found that neighborhood disadvantage was associated with positive brainAGE during early adolescence and a deceleration (decreasing brainAGE) thereafter. EC moderated this association such that in disadvantaged adolescents, low EC was associated with delayed development (negative brainAGE) during late adolescence. Findings provide evidence for complex associations between environmental and psychological factors, and brain maturation. They suggest that neighborhood disadvantage may have long-term effects on neurodevelopment during adolescence, but high EC could buffer these effects.

History

Journal

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

Volume

51

Article number

101002

Pagination

1 - 11

Publisher

Elsevier

Location

Amsterdam, The Netherlands

ISSN

1878-9293

eISSN

1878-9307

Language

eng

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal