albeinurios-neuralsubstrates-2015.pdf (8.91 MB)
Neural substrates of cognitive flexibility in cocaine and gambling addictions
journal contribution
posted on 2015-08-01, 00:00 authored by A Verdejo-Garcia, L Clark, J Verdejo-Román, Natalia Albein-UriosNatalia Albein-Urios, J M Martinez-Gonzalez, B Gutierrez, C Soriano-MasBACKGROUND: Individuals with cocaine and gambling addictions exhibit cognitive flexibility deficits that may underlie persistence of harmful behaviours. AIMS: We investigated the neural substrates of cognitive inflexibility in cocaine users v. pathological gamblers, aiming to disambiguate common mechanisms v. cocaine effects. METHOD: Eighteen cocaine users, 18 pathological gamblers and 18 controls performed a probabilistic reversal learning task during functional magnetic resonance imaging, and were genotyped for the DRD2/ANKK Taq1A polymorphism. RESULTS: Cocaine users and pathological gamblers exhibited reduced ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) signal during reversal shifting. Cocaine users further showed increased dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC) activation relative to pathological gamblers during perseveration, and decreased dorsolateral PFC activation relative to pathological gamblers and controls during shifting. Preliminary genetic findings indicated that cocaine users carrying the DRD2/ANKK Taq1A1+ genotype may derive unique stimulatory effects on shifting-related ventrolateral PFC signal. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced ventrolateral PFC activation during shifting may constitute a common neural marker across gambling and cocaine addictions. Additional cocaine-related effects relate to a wider pattern of task-related dysregulation, reflected in signal abnormalities in dorsolateral and dmPFC.
History
Journal
British journal of psychiatryVolume
207Issue
2Pagination
158 - 164Publisher
Royal College of PsychiatristsLocation
London, Eng.Publisher DOI
ISSN
0007-1250eISSN
1472-1465Language
engPublication classification
C Journal article; C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2015, The Royal College of PsychiatristsUsage metrics
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No categories selectedKeywords
AdolescentAdultAnalysis of VarianceBrainCase-Control StudiesCocaine-Related DisordersCognitionFemaleGamblingGenotypeHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesPsychomotor PerformanceReceptors, Dopamine D2Young AdultScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicinePsychiatryDOPAMINE-RECEPTOR GENEWORKING-MEMORYRESPONSE PERSEVERATIONPREFRONTAL CORTEXDRD2 POLYMORPHISMPROBLEM GAMBLERSREVERSALIMPULSIVITYDYSFUNCTIONATTENTION
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