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Operational definitions of sarcopenia should consider depressive symptoms

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posted on 2025-04-16, 06:00 authored by Julie PascoJulie Pasco, Sophia X Sui, Emma WestEmma West, Kara L Holloway‐Kew, Natalie HydeNatalie Hyde, Amanda L Stuart, James Gaston, Lana J Williams
Background Originally, sarcopenia meant ‘poverty of flesh’, but recent operational definitions have brought poor muscle function to the fore. None has considered psychological well-being. We compared muscle function components of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People Version 2 (EWGSOP2), the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), and the Sarcopenia Definitions and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) algorithms for individuals with and without depressive and anxiety symptoms. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 348 women and 343 men (ages 60–96 years) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores for depression and anxiety ≥8 indicated depressive and anxiety symptoms. Measures included handgrip strength (HGS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG). Chi-squared test identified inter-group differences, and multivariable logistic regression identified poor muscle function in association with depressive or anxiety symptoms. Results Twenty-nine (8.3%) women and 28 (8.2%) men had depressive symptoms, and 83 (23.9%) women and 41 (12.0%) men had anxiety symptoms. For women, proportions with low HGS were greater for those with vs. without depressive symptoms according to EWGSOP2 and FNIH (37.9% vs. 10.7%) and SDOC (51.7% vs. 26.7%); low HGS/body mass index (44.8% vs. 15.7%); and slow TUG (12.5% vs. 1.4%) (all P ≤ 0.011). In age-adjusted models, women with depressive symptoms were two-fold to five-fold more likely to have low HGS by EWGSOP2 and FNIH {odds ratio [OR] 4.77 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.83–12.45]} and SDOC [OR 2.59 (95% CI 1.10–6.07)], low HGS/body mass index [OR 3.92 (95% CI 1.69–9.07)], and 11-fold more likely to have a slow TUG [OR 10.99 (95% CI 2.03–59.7)]. For men, a difference for low HGS for those with depressive symptoms was detected only for SDOC (64.3% vs. 40.0%, P = 0.013), but this was explained by age [OR 1.99 (95% CI 0.84–4.71)]. No differences were detected for anxiety symptoms. Conclusions Operational definitions should consider depressive symptoms, at least in women, at the time of muscle function evaluation.

History

Journal

JCSM Clinical Reports

Volume

6

Pagination

62-68

Location

London, Eng.

Open access

  • Yes

ISSN

2521-3555

eISSN

2521-3555

Language

eng

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Issue

2

Publisher

Wiley

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