Orphan problems and remedies in distributed systems

In this paper, the impact of orphans on reliability aspects of RPC's in general and the entire system in particular is examined. The paper is organized in such a way that how orphans are created is presented first. Then a survey of three different algorithms for handling orphan problems in distributed systems will be discussed. The implementation of these algorithms in Rajdoot RPC will be discussed next. Finally, we conclude with a critical assessment of the three algorithms.