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Overlapping dimensional phenotypes of impulsivity and compulsivity explain co-occurrence of addictive and related behaviors
journal contribution
posted on 2019-08-01, 00:00 authored by Jeggan Tiego, Sanne Oostermeijer, Luisa Prochazkova, Linden Parkes, Andrew Dawson, George YoussefGeorge Youssef, Erin OldenhofErin Oldenhof, Adrian Carter, Rebecca A Segrave, Leonardo F Fontenelle, Murat YücelOBJECTIVE: Impulsivity and compulsivity have been implicated as important transdiagnostic dimensional phenotypes with potential relevance to addiction. We aimed to develop a model that conceptualizes these constructs as overlapping dimensional phenotypes and test whether different components of this model explain the co-occurrence of addictive and related behaviors. METHODS: A large sample of adults (N=487) was recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk and completed self-report questionnaires measuring impulsivity, intolerance of uncertainty, obsessive beliefs, and the severity of 6 addictive and related behaviors. Hierarchical clustering was used to organize addictive behaviors into homogenous groups reflecting their co-occurrence. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate fit of the hypothesized bifactor model of impulsivity and compulsivity and determine the proportion of variance explained in the co-occurrence of addictive and related behaviors by each component of the model. RESULTS: Addictive and related behaviors clustered into 2 distinct groups: Impulse-Control Problems, consisting of harmful alcohol use, pathological gambling, and compulsive buying, and Obsessive-Compulsive-Related Problems, consisting of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, binge eating, and internet addiction. The hypothesized bifactor model of impulsivity and compulsivity provided the best empirical fit, with 3 uncorrelated factors corresponding to a general Disinhibition dimension, and specific Impulsivity and Compulsivity dimensions. These dimensional phenotypes uniquely and additively explained 39.9% and 68.7% of the total variance in Impulse-Control Problems and Obsessive-Compulsive-Related Problems. CONCLUSION: A model of impulsivity and compulsivity that represents these constructs as overlapping dimensional phenotypes has important implications for understanding addictive and related behaviors in terms of shared etiology, comorbidity, and potential transdiagnostic treatments.
History
Journal
CNS spectrumsVolume
24Issue
4Pagination
426 - 440Publisher
Cambridge University PressLocation
Cambridge, Eng.Publisher DOI
ISSN
1092-8529Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2018, Cambridge University PressUsage metrics
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Addictionscompulsivitydimensional phenotypesdisinhibitionimpulsivityScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineClinical NeurologyPsychiatryNeurosciences & NeurologyDISORDERS IDENTIFICATION TESTPROBLEMATIC INTERNET USEITEM RESPONSE THEORYGOODNESS-OF-FITALCOHOL-USETRANSDIAGNOSTIC FACTORSSPECTRUM DISORDERSSENSATION-SEEKINGTEST AUDITUNCERTAINTY
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