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Persistence of anaemia among Samoan preschool age children: a longitudinal study

Version 2 2024-06-06, 01:59
Version 1 2023-10-23, 02:44
journal contribution
posted on 2024-06-06, 01:59 authored by B Wu, CC Choy, AC Rivara, C Soti-Ulberg, T Naseri, MS Reupena, Rachel DuckhamRachel Duckham, NL Hawley
AbstractObjective:To characterise the prevalence and persistence of anaemia among Samoan children over a 2–3-year period.Design:Data were from two consecutive waves (2015 and 2017–2018) of the Ola Tuputupua’e ‘Growing up’ study. Anaemia (Hb < 11·0 or 11·5 g/dl for 2–4 and ≥ 5 years old, respectively) was considered ‘transient’ when it occurred at only one wave or ‘persistent’ if it was present at two consecutive waves. Child, maternal and household correlates of anaemia were examined using log-binomial and modified Poisson regressions.Setting:Eleven Samoan villages.Participants:Mother–child pairs (n 257) recruited in 2015 and reassessed in 2017–2018.Results:Anaemia prevalence was 33·9 % in 2015 and 28·0 % in 2017–2018; 35·6 % of cases identified in 2015 were persistent. Risk of anaemia at only one wave was lower among children who were older in 2015 (age 4 v. 2 years, adjusted relative risk (aRR) = 0·54, (95 % CI 0·35, 0·84), P = 0·007), had older mothers (≥ 40 v. 18–29 years, aRR = 0·61, (95 % CI 0·39, 0·95), P = 0·029) and had higher daily sodium intake (for every 100 mg/d, aRR = 0·97, (95 % CI 0·95, 0·99), P = 0·003) than children with no anaemia. Children whose anaemia persisted were more likely to have had a mother with anaemia (aRR = 2·13, (95 % CI 1·17, 3·89), P = 0·013) and had higher daily dietary iron intake (for every 10 mg/d, aRR = 4·69, (95 % CI 1·33, 16·49), P = 0·016) than those with no anaemia.Conclusions:Alongside broadly targeted prevention efforts, which are warranted given the moderate-high anaemia prevalence observed, specific attention should be paid to children with risk factors for persistent anaemia. Routine screening of children whose mothers have anaemia should be encouraged.

History

Journal

Public Health Nutrition

Volume

24

Pagination

5995-6006

Location

Cambridge, England

ISSN

1368-9800

eISSN

1475-2727

Language

English

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Issue

18

Publisher

Cambridge University Press

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