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Prospective progression from high-prevalence disorders to bipolar disorder: Exploring characteristics of pre-illness stages

Version 2 2024-05-30, 15:12
Version 1 2015-06-15, 16:12
journal contribution
posted on 2015-09-01, 00:00 authored by A Ratheesh, S M Cotton, J K Betts, A Chanen, B Nelson, C G Davey, P D McGorry, Michael BerkMichael Berk, A Bechdolf
BACKGROUND: Identification of risk factors within precursor syndromes, such as depression, anxiety or substance use disorders (SUD), might help to pinpoint high-risk stages where preventive interventions for Bipolar Disorder (BD) could be evaluated. METHODS: We examined baseline demographic, clinical, quality of life, and temperament measures along with risk clusters among 52 young people seeking help for depression, anxiety or SUDs without psychosis or BD. The risk clusters included Bipolar At-Risk (BAR) and the Bipolarity Index as measures of bipolarity and the Ultra-High Risk assessment for psychosis. The participants were followed up for 12 months to identify conversion to BD. Those who converted and did not convert to BD were compared using Chi-Square and Mann Whitney U tests. RESULTS: The sample was predominantly female (85%) and a majority had prior treatment (64%). Four participants converted to BD over the 1-year follow up period. Having an alcohol use disorder at baseline (75% vs 8%, χ(2)=14.1, p<0.001) or a family history of SUD (67% vs 12.5%, χ(2)=6.0, p=0.01) were associated with development of BD. The sub-threshold mania subgroup of BAR criteria was also associated with 12-month BD outcomes. The severity of depressive symptoms and cannabis use had high effects sizes of association with BD outcomes, without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS AND LIMITATIONS: The small number of conversions limited the power of the study to identify associations with risk factors that have previously been reported to predict BD. However, subthreshold affective symptoms and SUDs might predict the onset of BD among help-seeking young people with high-prevalence disorders.

History

Journal

Journal of affective disorders

Volume

183

Pagination

45 - 48

Publisher

Elsevier

Location

Amsterdam, The Netherlands

ISSN

1573-2517

eISSN

1573-2517

Language

eng

Publication classification

C Journal article; C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Copyright notice

2015, Elsevier