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Sex-specific effects of placental restriction on components of the metabolic syndrome in young adult sheep
journal contribution
posted on 2007-06-01, 00:00 authored by Julie OwensJulie Owens, P Thavaneswaran, M J De Blasio, I C McMillen, J S Robinson, K L GatfordPrenatal and early postnatal life experiences, reflected by size at birth and postnatal catch-up growth, contribute to the risk of developing the metabolic syndrome in adulthood, but their relative importance is unclear. Therefore, we determined the effects of restricted placental and fetal growth on components of the metabolic syndrome in young adult sheep and the relationships of the latter to size at birth and early postnatal growth. Fasting plasma metabolites, glucose tolerance (by intravenous glucose tolerance test, IVGTT), insulin secretion and sensitivity, and resting blood pressure were measured in 22 control and 20 placentally restricted (PR) 1-yr-old sheep. In male sheep, PR increased the initial rise in glucose during an IVGTT and reduced diastolic blood pressure, and small size at birth independently predicted reduced adult size, glucose tolerance, and fasting plasma insulin and insulin disposition of glucose metabolism but increased insulin disposition of circulating FFAs. Also in males, high fractional growth rates in early postnatal life independently predicted impaired early glucose clearance during an IVGTT. In female animals, PR increased insulin sensitivity of glucose metabolism and reduced fasting plasma FFAs, and thinness at birth predicted increased adult size, fasting blood glucose, and pulse pressure. In conclusion, PR and small size at birth are associated with more components of the metabolic syndrome in adult male than in adult female sheep, with few independent effects of early postnatal growth. These sex differences in the onset and extent of adverse metabolic consequences after prenatal restraint in the sheep are consistent with observations in humans.
History
Journal
American journal of physiologyVolume
292Issue
6Pagination
E1879 - E1889Publisher
American Physiological SocietyLocation
Bethesda, Md.Publisher DOI
ISSN
0193-1849Language
engPublication classification
C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalCopyright notice
2007, American Physiological SocietyUsage metrics
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AgingAnimalsAnimals, NewbornBirth WeightBlood GlucoseBlood PressureBody WeightFemaleFetal Growth RetardationGrowthHomeostasisInsulinInsulin SecretionLipid MetabolismMaleMetabolic SyndromePlacental InsufficiencyPlacentationPregnancySex CharacteristicsSheepScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineEndocrinology & MetabolismPhysiologysize at birthinsulin actionglucose metabolismFOR-GESTATIONAL-AGEINTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATIONCATCH-UP GROWTHBIRTH-WEIGHTINSULIN SENSITIVITYFETAL-GROWTHGLUCOSE-TOLERANCEPOSTNATAL-GROWTHFACTOR-ISECRETION
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