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Sex Differences in the Feasibility of Aerobic Exercise Training for Improving Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

journal contribution
posted on 2023-03-31, 04:21 authored by Sian Alice O’Gorman, Clint MillerClint Miller, Jonathan RawstornJonathan Rawstorn, Angelo Sabag, Rachelle Noelle Sultana, Sean Michael Lanting, Shelley Elizabeth Keating, Nathan Anthony Johnson, Kim WayKim Way
Females with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a 25–50% greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease compared with males. While aerobic exercise training is effective for improving cardiometabolic health outcomes, there is limited sex-segregated evidence on the feasibility of aerobic training in adults with T2D. A secondary analysis of a 12-week randomized controlled trial examining aerobic training in inactive adults with T2D was conducted. Feasibility outcomes were recruitment, retention, treatment fidelity, and safety. Sex differences and intervention effects were assessed using two-way analyses of variances. Thirty-five participants (14 females) were recruited. The recruitment rate was significantly lower among females (9% versus 18%; p = 0.022). Females in the intervention were less adherent (50% versus 93%; p = 0.016), and experienced minor adverse events more frequently (0.08% versus 0.03%; p = 0.003). Aerobically trained females experienced clinically meaningful reductions in pulse wave velocity (−1.25 m/s, 95%CI [−2.54, 0.04]; p = 0.648), and significantly greater reductions in brachial systolic pressure (−9 mmHg, 95%CI (3, 15); p = 0.011) and waist circumference (−3.8 cm, 95%CI (1.6, 6.1); p < 0.001) than males. To enhance the feasibility of future trials, targeted strategies to improve female recruitment and adherence are needed. Females with T2D may experience greater cardiometabolic health improvements from aerobic training than males.

History

Journal

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Volume

12

Article number

1255

Pagination

1-18

Location

Basel, Switzerland

ISSN

2077-0383

eISSN

2077-0383

Language

en

Publication classification

C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal

Issue

4

Publisher

MDPI AG