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The association between resting heart rate, cardiovascular disease and mortality: Evidence from 112,680 men and women in 12 cohorts
journal contribution
posted on 2014-06-01, 00:00 authored by M Woodward, R Webster, Y Murakami, F Barzi, T H Lam, X Fang, I Suh, G D Batty, Rachel HuxleyRachel Huxley, A RodgersBackground: Multiple studies have examined the relationship between heart rate and mortality; however, there are discrepancies in results. Our aim was to describe the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and both major cardiovascular (CV) outcomes, as well as all-cause mortality in the Asia-Pacific region. Design and methods: Individual data from 112,680 subjects in 12 cohort studies were pooled and analysed using Cox models, stratified by study and sex, and adjusted for age and systolic blood pressure. Results: During a mean 7.4 years follow-up, 6086 deaths and 2726 fatal or nonfatal CVevents were recorded. There was a continuous, increasing association between having a RHR above approximately 65 beats/min and the risk of both CV and all-cause mortality, yet there was no evidence of associations below this threshold. The hazard ratio (95% CI) comparing the extreme quarters of RHR (80 v <65 beats/min) was 1.44 (1.291.60) for CV and 1.54 (1.431.66) for total mortality. These associations were not materially changed by adjustment for other risk factors and exclusion of the first 2 years of follow-up. Hazard ratios of a similar magnitude were found for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, but the hazard ratio for heart failure was higher (2.08, 95% CI 1.074.06) and for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) was lower (1.11, 95% CI 0.931.31) than for stroke. Conclusions: RHR of above 65 beats/min has a strong independent effect on premature mortality and stroke, but a lesser effect on CHD. Lifestyle and pharmaceutical regimens to reduce RHR may be beneficial for people with moderate to high levels of RHR. © The European Society of Cardiology 2012.
History
Journal
European Journal of Preventive CardiologyVolume
21Issue
6Pagination
719 - 726Publisher
SageLocation
London, Eng.Publisher DOI
ISSN
2047-4873eISSN
2047-4881Language
engPublication classification
C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journalUsage metrics
Categories
Keywords
Resting heart ratemyocardial infarctionstrokeheart failureAsiaAustraliamortalitycardiovascular diseasecoronary heart diseaseScience & TechnologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineCardiac & Cardiovascular SystemsCardiovascular System & CardiologyALL-CAUSE MORTALITYRISK-FACTORPROGNOSTIC VALUEBLOOD-PRESSUREHEALTHY-MENPREDICTOREVENTSDEATHPOPULATIONFITNESSfrom the Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration