The direct and indirect effect of NFC on marketers’ work norms, vocational socialization, individual ethical position, and ethical perceptions

Purpose – The research sought to expand the conceptual understanding of the antecedents of decision-making under ethical conditions. This study
aims to better understand the relationships among need for cognition (NFC), the individual ethical positions of ethical idealism and ethical relativism,
organizational and professional socialization, work-related norms and ethical perceptions.
Design/methodology/approach – The study compared the impact of environmental influences (i.e. socialization and work-related norm) and
individual temporally stable characteristics (i.e. NFC and ethical position) on ethical perceptions. The research surveyed marketers and tested a
hypothesized model using structural equation modeling.
Findings – NFC influences marketers’ individual ethical position, their professional socialization and their work norms. The work norms of marketers
are influenced by individual ethical position and organizational socialization, but not by professional socialization. Professional socialization is
influenced by ethical idealism and not ethical relativism.
Research limitations/implications – A judgmental sampling technique was used and the findings cannot be generalized to other populations.
Practical implications – This research provides managers with alternative tools to encourage compliance with professional and corporate
guidelines. If managers are seeking an enduring positive influence on work norms, they should be as concerned about the thinking of their employees
and their employees’ ethical positions as they are with the vocational rules their subordinates adopt.
Social implications – Society will benefit from better understanding the different ways in which the ethical perceptions of individual employees
are influenced and the various ways in which managers can contribute to ethically responsible corporations.
Originality/value – Although NFC has been examined in other vocational and decision-making contexts, its influence on individual ethical position,
vocational socialization and work-related norms has not been empirically examined in ethical contexts for business decision-making.