Thermo-mechanical processing and the shape memory effect in an Fe–Mn–Si-based shape memory alloy

The effect of cold rolling and annealing on the shape memory effect (SME) in an Fe–Mn–Si-based alloy has been studied. It has been found<br>that the SME in these alloys can be significantly increased by the appropriate thermo-mechanical processing (TMP). The optimum conditions<br>were found to be 15% cold rolling followed by annealing at 800 ◦C for 15 min. This produced a total strain recovery of 4.5%. TEM showed that<br>this processing schedule produces a microstructure of evenly spaced, and well defined stacking faults throughout the parent phase. It is shown for<br>the first time that samples processed in this way produce a larger fraction of martensite compared to samples in the as-austenitized condition. It<br>is concluded that the stacking faults induced by TMP act as nucleation sites for martensite formation during deformation. The SME is improved<br>primarily as a result of the increased amount of martensite that is formed in this condition.<br>