Young people, everyday civic life and the limits of social cohesion

In recent times, many Western governments have shifted focus from multiculturalism to social cohesion in their efforts to address the impact of increased cultural diversity within communities. One of the many and complex triggers for this change has been concern about the marginalisation of young people of minority backgrounds from mainstream culture, in turn prompted by acts of civil unrest, violence, and even terrorism by youth. In this article I focus not so much on why the social cohesion ideal of integration is problematic for young people (although it clearly is), but on the implicit assumptions about what constitutes good participation in community that underlie any cohesiondriven emphasis on integration into civic life in the first place. In doing so, I consider how many young Australians’ modes of imagining, forging, and engaging in community, which are very much a product of growing up in times of super-diversity, globalisation, and individualisation, sit uneasily with mainstream communitarian notions of civic life that are founded on twentieth-century forms of community and participation that are no longer evident or sustainable in contemporary societies. I suggest that a social cohesion agenda may not adequately account for the particular circumstances and experiences of young people because of its assumptions about community and civic engagement that take both adult and modern life as its reference points.