Effects of a multi-component exercise program and calcium–vitamin-D3-fortified milk on bone mineral density in older men : a randomised controlled trial Kukuljan, S., Nowson, C., Bass, S., Sanders, K., Nicholson, G., Seibel, M., Salmon, J. and Daly, R. 2009, Effects of a multi-component exercise program and calcium–vitamin-D3-fortified milk on bone mineral density in older men : a randomised controlled trial, Osteoporosis international, vol. 20, no. 7, pp. 1241-1251, doi: 10.1007/s00198-008-0776-y. Attached Files Name Description MIMEType Size Downloads nowson-effectsof-2009.pdf Published version application/pdf 225.27KB 808 Title Effects of a multi-component exercise program and calcium–vitamin-D3-fortified milk on bone mineral density in older men : a randomised controlled trial Formatted title Effects of a multi-component exercise program and calcium–vitamin-D3-fortified milk on bone mineral density in older men : a randomised controlled trial Author(s) Kukuljan, S. Nowson, C. orcid.org/0000-0001-6586-7965 Bass, S. Sanders, K. Nicholson, G. Seibel, M. Salmon, J. orcid.org/0000-0002-4734-6354 Daly, R. orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-1598 Journal name Osteoporosis international Volume number 20 Issue number 7 Start page 1241 End page 1251 Total pages 11 Publisher Springer International Place of publication London, England Publication date 2009-07 ISSN 0937-941X 1433-2965 Keyword(s) BMD calcium exercise fortified milk vitamin D3 men Summary Summary We examined the independent and combined effects of a multi-component exercise program and calcium–vitamin-D3-fortified milk on bone mineral density (BMD) in older men. Exercise resulted in a 1.8% net gain in femoral neck BMD, but additional calcium–vitamin D3 did not enhance the response in this group of older well-nourished men. Introduction This 12-month randomised controlled trial assessed whether calcium–vitamin-D3-fortified milk could enhance the effects of a multi-component exercise program on BMD in older men. Methods Men (n  = 180) aged 50–79 years were randomised into: (1) exercise + fortified milk; (2) exercise; (3) fortified milk; or (4) controls. Exercise consisted of high intensity progressive resistance training with weight-bearing impact exercise. Men assigned to fortified milk consumed 400 mL/day of low fat milk providing an additional 1,000 mg/day calcium and 800 IU/day vitamin D3. Femoral neck (FN), total hip, lumbar spine and trochanter BMD and body composition (DXA), muscle strength 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were assessed. Results There were no exercise-by-fortified milk interactions at any skeletal site. Exercise resulted in a 1.8% net gain in FN BMD relative to no-exercise (p < 0.001); lean mass (0.6 kg, p < 0.05) and muscle strength (20–52%, p < 0.001) also increased in response to exercise. For lumbar spine BMD, there was a net 1.4–1.5% increase in all treatment groups relative to controls (all p < 0.01). There were no main effects of fortified milk at any skeletal site. Conclusion A multi-component community-based exercise program was effective for increasing FN BMD in older men, but additional calcium–vitamin D3 did not enhance the osteogenic response. Language eng DOI 10.1007/s00198-008-0776-y Field of Research 110602 Exercise Physiology Socio Economic Objective 970111 Expanding Knowledge in the Medical and Health Sciences HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal Grant ID NHMRC 425849 Copyright notice ©2009, Springer Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30017419 Document type: Journal Article Collections: Faculty of Arts and Education Faculty of Health School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Higher Education Research Group Related Links Link Description Connect to published version (restricted access) Go to link with your DU access privileges     Unless expressly stated otherwise, the copyright for items in DRO is owned by the author, with all rights reserved. Versions Version Filter Type Fri, 14 Aug 2009, 13:53:07 EST Mon, 28 Sep 2009, 09:20:50 EST Mon, 28 Sep 2009, 09:21:31 EST Wed, 17 Oct 2012, 10:55:29 EST Mon, 05 Aug 2013, 14:06:10 EST Mon, 05 Aug 2013, 14:07:14 EST Mon, 16 Jun 2014, 11:50:18 EST Wed, 02 Jul 2014, 14:08:25 EST Fri, 22 Aug 2014, 14:38:33 EST Filtered Full Citation counts:   Cited 81 times in TR Web of Science Cited 90 times in Scopus Search Google Scholar Access Statistics: 2384 Abstract Views, 819 File Downloads  -  Detailed Statistics Created: Fri, 14 Aug 2009, 13:53:07 EST