The role of eicosanoids in the brain Tassoni, Danni, Kaur, Gunveen, Weisinger, Richard S. and Sinclair, Andrew 2008, The role of eicosanoids in the brain, Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, vol. 17, no. S1, pp. 220-228. Attached Files Name Description MIMEType Size Downloads sinclair-roleofeicosanoids-2008.pdf Published version application/pdf 192.81KB 1773 Title The role of eicosanoids in the brain Author(s) Tassoni, Danni Kaur, Gunveen orcid.org/0000-0002-6250-0495 Weisinger, Richard S. Sinclair, Andrew Journal name Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition Volume number 17 Issue number S1 Start page 220 End page 228 Total pages 9 Publisher HEC Press Place of publication McKinnon, Vic. Publication date 2008-01 ISSN 0964-7058 1440-6047 Keyword(s) eicosanoids docosanoids polyunsaturated fatty acids brain arachidonic acid docosahexaenoic acid Summary The brain contains two main polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). These PUFA are located almost exclusively in the sn2-position of phosphoglycerides which are found in the neural cell membranes. Liberation of these PUFA from the phosphoglycerides occurs via the action of specific phospholipases (PLA2). Free AA can be metabolised by cyclooxygenases to prostaglandins and  thromboxane, while both AA and DHA can be metabolised by lipoxygenases to form hydroxy derivatives and leukotrienes. AA is also metabolised to  lipoxins via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. The eicosanoids formed play important roles in neural function including sleep induction (PGD2), long  term potentiation, spatial learning and synaptic plasticity (PGE2), resolution of inflammation (lipoxins) and anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective  bioactivity (dihydroxy-docosatriene, neuroprotectin D1, formed from DHA). COX-inhibitors have been shown to reduce oxidative stress and cognitive impairment. Additionally, drugs which are used to treat depression have been shown to reduce the turnover of AA to PGE2 in the brain. Diets deficient in omega 3 PUFA lead to reduced DHA in the brain and increased turnover of AA to eicosanoids, an effect which is overcome by restoring the omega 3 PUFA to the diet. In neural trauma and neurodegenerative diseases, there is a dramatic rise in the levels of AA-derived eicosanoids. In contrast,  DHA-derived compounds can prevent neuroinflammation. Clearly, the eicosanoids are very important for the normal functioning of the brain, while the PUFA themselves are important in membrane structure and function. Notes Reproduced with the specific permission of the copyright owner. Language eng Field of Research 110104 Medical Biochemistry: Lipids Socio Economic Objective 970111 Expanding Knowledge in the Medical and Health Sciences HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal HERDC collection year 2008 Copyright notice ©2008, HEC Press Free to Read? Yes Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30017664 Document type: Journal Article Collections: Faculty of Health School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Open Access Collection Related Links Link Description Connect to published version (restricted access) Go to link with your DU access privileges     Unless expressly stated otherwise, the copyright for items in DRO is owned by the author, with all rights reserved. Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that permission has been obtained for items included in DRO. If you believe that your rights have been infringed by this repository, please contact drosupport@deakin.edu.au. Versions Version Filter Type Fri, 14 Aug 2009, 13:55:49 EST Mon, 31 Aug 2009, 15:57:15 EST Mon, 31 Aug 2009, 15:59:15 EST Mon, 07 Sep 2009, 15:29:54 EST Mon, 16 Jun 2014, 12:05:17 EST Mon, 19 Jan 2015, 10:51:19 EST Wed, 14 Oct 2015, 13:01:00 EST Tue, 06 Sep 2016, 12:43:02 EST Tue, 05 Dec 2017, 06:31:00 EST Fri, 07 Sep 2018, 14:17:28 EST Filtered Full Citation counts:   Cited 129 times in TR Web of Science Cited 139 times in Scopus Search Google Scholar Access Statistics: 1377 Abstract Views, 1773 File Downloads  -  Detailed Statistics Created: Fri, 14 Aug 2009, 13:55:49 EST

Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that permission has been obtained for items included in DRO. If you believe that your rights have been infringed by this repository, please contact drosupport@deakin.edu.au.