Biopharmaceutical innovation and industrial developments in South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan Hsieh, Chee-Ruey and Lofgren, Hans 2009, Biopharmaceutical innovation and industrial developments in South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan, Australian health review, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 245-257. Attached Files Name Description MIMEType Size Downloads Title Biopharmaceutical innovation and industrial developments in South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan Author(s) Hsieh, Chee-Ruey Lofgren, Hans Journal name Australian health review Volume number 33 Issue number 2 Start page 245 End page 257 Total pages 13 Publisher Australian Medical Publishing Company Place of publication Sydney, N.S.W Publication date 2009-05 ISSN 0156-5788 1449-8944 Keyword(s) biotechnology innovation pharmaceuticals South Korea Singapore Taiwan technology policy Summary South Korea, Singapore and Taiwan are well known as export-oriented developmental states which for decades employed industrial policy to target particular industries for government support. In the past fifteen years, these three countries all identified the biopharmaceutical industry as a strategic sector. This article explores, through economic analysis, the rationale for this decision and the strategies chosen for linking into the global bio-economy with the objective of catching up in biopharmaceuticals. The paper identifies three comparative advantages enjoyed by these countries in the biopharma sector: (1) public investments in basic research; (2) private investments in phase 1 clinical trials; and (3) a potentially significant contract research industry managing latter-stage clinical trials. Governments employ a range of industrial policies, consistent with these comparative advantages, to promote the biopharmaceutical industry, including public investment in biomedical hubs, research funding and research and development (R&D) tax credits. We argue that the most important feature of the biopharmaceutical industry in these countries is the dominant role of the public sector. That these countries have made progress in innovative capabilities is illustrated by input measures such as R&D expenditure as share of gross domestic product, number of patents granted and clinical trials, and volume of foreign direct investment. In contrast, output indicators such as approval of new chemical entities suggest that the process of catching up has only just commenced. Pharmaceutical innovation is at the stage of mainly generating inputs to integrated processes controlled by the globally incumbent firms. Language eng Field of Research 160511 Research, Science and Technology Policy 160606 Government and Politics of Asia and the Pacific Socio Economic Objective 940299 Government and Politics not elsewhere classified HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal ERA Research output type C Journal article HERDC collection year 2009 Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30019856 Document type: Journal Article Collections: Faculty of Arts and Education School of International and Political Studies Related Links Link Description Connect to published version (restricted access) Go to link with your DU access privileges     Unless expressly stated otherwise, the copyright for items in DRO is owned by the author, with all rights reserved. Versions Version Filter Type Wed, 23 Sep 2009, 17:32:37 EST Thu, 24 Sep 2009, 15:49:23 EST Fri, 25 Sep 2009, 16:50:55 EST Wed, 30 Sep 2009, 10:24:44 EST Wed, 30 Sep 2009, 10:26:22 EST Fri, 17 Feb 2012, 14:43:53 EST Mon, 16 Jun 2014, 13:07:57 EST Thu, 11 Dec 2014, 16:16:45 EST Filtered Full Citation counts:   Cited 7 times in TR Web of Science Cited 9 times in Scopus Search Google Scholar Access Statistics: 593 Abstract Views, 2 File Downloads  -  Detailed Statistics Created: Wed, 23 Sep 2009, 17:32:35 EST by Hans Lofgren