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Relationships between measures of fitness, physical activity, body composition and vascular function in children

Hopkins, N. D., Stratton, G., Tinken, T. M., McWhannell, N. D., Ridgers, N. D., Graves, L. E. F., George, K., Cable, N. T. and Green, D. J. 2009, Relationships between measures of fitness, physical activity, body composition and vascular function in children, Atherosclerosis, vol. 204, no. 1, pp. 244-249, doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.09.004.

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Title Relationships between measures of fitness, physical activity, body composition and vascular function in children
Author(s) Hopkins, N. D.
Stratton, G.
Tinken, T. M.
McWhannell, N. D.
Ridgers, N. D.ORCID iD for Ridgers, N. D. orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-3515
Graves, L. E. F.
George, K.
Cable, N. T.
Green, D. J.
Journal name Atherosclerosis
Volume number 204
Issue number 1
Start page 244
End page 249
Total pages 6
Publisher Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
Place of publication [Dublin, Ireland]
Publication date 2009-05
ISSN 0021-9150
1879-1484
Keyword(s) flow-mediated dilation
fatness
fitness
physical activity
endothelial function
Summary Background : The prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity in Western countries has increased rapidly. Both are modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis begins in childhood and endothelial dysfunction is its earliest detectable manifestation.

Methods : We assessed flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in 129 children (75 female; 10.3 + 0.3 yrs; 54 male; 10.4; 0.3 yrs). FMD was normalised for differences in the eliciting shear rate stimulus between subjects (SRAUC). Fitness was assessed as peak oxygen uptake during an incremental treadmill exercise test (VO2peak). Body composition was measured using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. Physical activity (PA) was assessed using Actigraph accelerometers. The cohort was split into tertiles according to FMD% and also FMD% corrected for SRAUC to gain insight into the determinants of vascular function.

Results : Across the cohort, significant correlations were observed between FMD%/SRAUC and DEXA percentage fat (r = −0.23, p = 0.009) and percentage lean mass (r = 0.21, p = 0.008), and also with PA performed at moderate-to-high intensity (r = 0.363, p = 0.001). For children in the lowest FMD%/SRAUC tertile, a stronger relationship with all PA measures was observed, particularly with high intensity PA (r = 0.572, P = 0.003). Regression analysis revealed that high intensity PA was the only predictor of impaired FMD%/SRAUC.

Conclusions : These data suggest that traditional risk factors for CHD in adult populations impact upon vascular function in young people. Furthermore, it appears that individuals with impaired FMD may benefit from performing high intensity PA, whereas no relationships exist between FMD and lower intensities of PA or between PA and FMD in those subjects who possess preserved vascular function a priori.
Language eng
DOI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.09.004
Field of Research 110602 Exercise Physiology
Socio Economic Objective 920501 Child Health
HERDC Research category C1.1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal
Copyright notice ©2008, Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30029916

Document type: Journal Article
Collections: Faculty of Health
School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition
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Created: Fri, 03 Sep 2010, 13:16:15 EST by Leanne Swaneveld

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