Antihypertensive Drugs and Risk of Depression: A Nationwide Population-Based Study Kessing, LV, Rytgaard, HC, Ekstrøm, CT, Torp-Pedersen, C, Berk, Michael and Gerds, TA 2020, Antihypertensive Drugs and Risk of Depression: A Nationwide Population-Based Study, Hypertension, vol. 76, no. 4, pp. 1-17, doi: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15605. Attached Files Name Description MIMEType Size Downloads Title Antihypertensive Drugs and Risk of Depression: A Nationwide Population-Based Study Author(s) Kessing, LV Rytgaard, HC Ekstrøm, CT Torp-Pedersen, C Berk, Michael orcid.org/0000-0002-5554-6946 Gerds, TA Journal name Hypertension Volume number 76 Issue number 4 Start page 1 End page 17 Total pages 17 Publisher American Heart Association Place of publication Dallas, Tex. Publication date 2020-10 ISSN 0194-911X 1524-4563 Keyword(s) antihypertensive agents anxiety disorders depressive disorder diuretics inflammation Summary Hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases are associated with an increased risk of depression, but it remains unclear whether treatment with antihypertensive agents decreases or increases this risk. The effects of individual drugs are also unknown. We used Danish population-based registers to systematically investigate whether the 41 most used individual antihypertensive drugs were associated with an altered risk of incident depression. Analyses of diuretics were included for comparisons. Participants were included in the study in January 2005 and followed until December 2015. Two different outcome measures were included: (1) a diagnosis of depressive disorder at a psychiatric hospital as an inpatient or outpatient and (2) a combined measure of a diagnosis of depression or use of antidepressants. Continued use of classes of angiotensin agents, calcium antagonists, and β-blockers was associated with significantly decreased rates of depression, whereas diuretic use was not. Individual drugs associated with decreased depression included 2 of 16 angiotensin agents: enalapril and ramipril; 3 of 10 calcium antagonists: amlodipine, verapamil, and verapamil combinations; and 4 of 15 β-blockers: propranolol, atenolol, bisoprolol, and carvedilol. No drug was associated with an increased risk of depression. In conclusion, real-life population-based data suggest a positive effect of continued use of 9 individual antihypertensive agents. This evidence should be used in guiding prescriptions for patients at risk of developing depression including those with prior depression or anxiety and patients with a family history of depression. Language eng DOI 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15605 Field of Research 1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology 1103 Clinical Sciences 1117 Public Health and Health Services HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal Free to Read? Yes Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30141207 Document type: Journal Article Collections: Faculty of Health School of Medicine Open Access Collection Related Links Link Description Link to full-text (open access)   Connect to published version Go to link with your DU access privileges     Unless expressly stated otherwise, the copyright for items in DRO is owned by the author, with all rights reserved. Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that permission has been obtained for items included in DRO. If you believe that your rights have been infringed by this repository, please contact drosupport@deakin.edu.au. Versions Version Filter Type Thu, 27 Aug 2020, 12:48:53 EST Mon, 21 Sep 2020, 15:47:56 EST Tue, 22 Sep 2020, 05:00:44 EST Tue, 22 Sep 2020, 07:57:56 EST Sat, 26 Sep 2020, 02:31:57 EST Sat, 10 Oct 2020, 05:04:16 EST Tue, 13 Oct 2020, 11:40:41 EST Tue, 13 Oct 2020, 11:45:53 EST Tue, 13 Oct 2020, 11:50:45 EST Sat, 09 Jan 2021, 01:42:27 EST Tue, 20 Jul 2021, 02:35:08 EST Filtered Full Citation counts:   Cited 4 times in TR Web of Science Cited 8 times in Scopus Search Google Scholar Access Statistics: 86 Abstract Views, 0 File Downloads  -  Detailed Statistics Created: Mon, 21 Sep 2020, 15:47:56 EST

Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that permission has been obtained for items included in DRO. If you believe that your rights have been infringed by this repository, please contact drosupport@deakin.edu.au.