Ecological Momentary Assessment of the Relationship between Positive Outcome Expectancies and Gambling Behaviour Dowling, Nicole, Merkouris, Stephanie and Spence, Kimberley 2021, Ecological Momentary Assessment of the Relationship between Positive Outcome Expectancies and Gambling Behaviour, Journal of Clinical Medicine, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 1709-1709, doi: 10.3390/jcm10081709. Attached Files Name Description MIMEType Size Downloads Title Ecological Momentary Assessment of the Relationship between Positive Outcome Expectancies and Gambling Behaviour Author(s) Dowling, Nicole orcid.org/0000-0001-8592-2407 Merkouris, Stephanie orcid.org/0000-0001-9037-6121 Spence, Kimberley Journal name Journal of Clinical Medicine Volume number 10 Issue number 8 Start page 1709 End page 1709 Total pages 20 Publisher MDPI AG Place of publication Basel, Switzerland Publication date 2021 ISSN 2077-0383 Keyword(s) gambling outcome expectancies expenditure relapse smartphone ecological momentary assessment (EMA) Summary Relapse prevention models suggest that positive outcome expectancies can constitute situational determinants of relapse episodes that interact with other factors to determine the likelihood of relapse. The primary aims were to examine reciprocal relationships between situational positive gambling outcome expectancies and gambling behaviour and moderators of these relationships. An online survey and a 28 day Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) were administered to 109 past-month gamblers (84% with gambling problems). EMA measures included outcome expectancies (enjoyment/arousal, self-enhancement, money), self-efficacy, craving, negative emotional state, interpersonal conflict, social pressure, positive emotional state, financial pressures, and gambling behaviour (episodes, expenditure). Pre-EMA measures included problem gambling severity, motives, psychological distress, coping strategies, and outcome expectancies. No reciprocal relationships between EMA outcome expectancies and gambling behaviour (episodes, expenditure) were identified. Moderations predicting gambling episodes revealed: (1) cravings and problem gambling exacerbated effects of enjoyment/arousal expectancies; (2) positive emotional state and positive reframing coping exacerbated effects of self-enhancement expectancies; and (3) instrumental social support buffered effects of money expectancies. Positive outcome expectancies therefore constitute situational determinants of gambling behaviour, but only when they interact with other factors. All pre-EMA expectancies predicted problem gambling severity (OR = 1.61–3.25). Real-time interventions addressing gambling outcome expectancies tailored to vulnerable gamblers are required. Language eng DOI 10.3390/jcm10081709 Indigenous content off Field of Research 1103 Clinical Sciences HERDC Research category C1 Refereed article in a scholarly journal Free to Read? Yes Persistent URL http://hdl.handle.net/10536/DRO/DU:30150142 Document type: Journal Article Collections: Faculty of Health School of Psychology Open Access Collection Related Links Link Description Link to full-text (open access)   Connect to Elements publication management system Go to link with your DU access privileges     Unless expressly stated otherwise, the copyright for items in DRO is owned by the author, with all rights reserved. Every reasonable effort has been made to ensure that permission has been obtained for items included in DRO. If you believe that your rights have been infringed by this repository, please contact drosupport@deakin.edu.au. Versions Version Filter Type Mon, 19 Apr 2021, 08:18:14 EST Tue, 20 Apr 2021, 05:02:00 EST Tue, 20 Apr 2021, 15:46:36 EST Thu, 29 Apr 2021, 06:04:25 EST Fri, 30 Apr 2021, 11:43:16 EST Fri, 30 Apr 2021, 11:44:23 EST Fri, 30 Apr 2021, 15:41:00 EST Sat, 05 Jun 2021, 02:30:34 EST Sat, 18 Sep 2021, 02:47:22 EST Filtered Full Citation counts:   Cited 1 times in TR Web of Science Cited 0 times in Scopus Search Google Scholar Access Statistics: 138 Abstract Views, 0 File Downloads  -  Detailed Statistics Created: Mon, 19 Apr 2021, 08:18:14 EST