Lifestyle risk factors for obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related phenomena: What should lifestyle interventions target?
Brierley, M-EE, Albertella, L, Christensen, E, Rotaru, K, Jacka, Felice, Segrave, RA, Richardson, KE, Lee, RSC, Kayayan, E, Hughes, S, Yücel, M and Fontenelle, LF 2022, Lifestyle risk factors for obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related phenomena: What should lifestyle interventions target?, Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, pp. 000486742210859-000486742210859, doi: 10.1177/00048674221085923.
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Lifestyle risk factors for obsessive-compulsive symptoms and related phenomena: What should lifestyle interventions target?
Objective: Understanding the impact of lifestyle on mental illness symptoms is important for informing psycho-education and developing interventions which target mental and physical comorbidities. Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders can have a significant impact on health-related quality of life and physical health. However, our understanding of the impact of lifestyle on obsessive-compulsive symptoms and broader compulsive and impulsive problematic repetitive behaviours is limited. Aims: We investigated whether lifestyle factors predicted change in obsessive-compulsive symptoms and problematic repetitive behaviours in a general population sample over a 3-month period. Methods: Eight hundred thirty-five participants completed an online questionnaire battery assessing lifestyle and mental health. Of these, 538 participants completed the same battery 3 months later. We conducted negative binomial regressions to analyse the association of lifestyle factors at baseline with future (1) obsessive-compulsive symptoms, (2) compulsive problematic repetitive behaviours and (3) impulsive problematic repetitive behaviours, adjusting for baseline obsessive-compulsive symptoms and problematic repetitive behaviours. Results: Lower vegetable ( p = 0.020) and oily fish ( p = 0.040) intake and lower moderate intensity physical activity ( p = 0.008) predicted higher obsessive-compulsive symptoms at follow-up. Higher intake of high-fat foods ( p < 0.001) predicted higher compulsive problematic repetitive behaviours at follow-up. No lifestyle factors significantly predicted impulsive problematic repetitive behaviours at follow-up. Conclusion: Our results speak to the potential importance of lifestyle quality screening, education and lifestyle interventions (e.g. an anti-inflammatory diet) for individuals experiencing compulsivity-related behaviours and/or symptoms. Further research into potential mechanisms of action will allow for more targeted approaches to lifestyle interventions for transdiagnostic compulsive behaviours.
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orcid.org/0000-0002-9825-0328
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